Energy and Material Balances:
Material Balance: Law conservation of mass, Materialbalance with and without reactions. Energy Balance: Law of conversation of energy, Energybalance with and without chemical reactions. Introduction to Momentum Transfer: Types of fluids:Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluids.Measurement of viscosity, Laminar and Turbulent flow,eddy viscosity, flow of a fluid past a solid surface (Cellsand immobilized systems), motion of particles in fluid(centrifugation & sedimentation), flow of fluid through granular bed (packed column), fluidization andbubble column
Concepts of Heat and Mass Transfer: Heat Transfer:
Thermal conductivity and mechanism of energy transport, design principles of heat exchangers,measurement of heat transfer coefficient, principles,construction and application of evaporators and dryers. Mass transfer: Diffusion and its types, measurement ofdiffusivities, theoretical estimation of diffusitivities,interfacial diffusion (Mass transfer), convective masstransfer, measurement of mass transfer coefficient, Masstransfer process (Principle, construction and applicationof Distillation, adsorption, extraction andcrystallization).
Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics
Thermodynamics: First and Second law ofthermodynamics, application of first and second law inBiomolecular structure, PVT behaviour, PVT diagramof pure fluids, thermodynamics models used in processindustries (Peng-Robinson model, EOS, NRTL,SRKetc). Properties of solution, phase equilibrium. Chemicalpotential and activity of molecules, statisticalthermodynamics, Bioenergetics: Energetic of metabolicpathways, energy coupling, thermodynamic efficiencyof growth and yield co-efficients
Reaction Engineering:
Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions, kinetics of microbial growth, substrate utilization and productformation. Batch and continuous reactors, energy andmass balance in biological reactions. Heterogeneousreaction: Shell balance (Immobilized system), effect ofmass transfer on reaction, Thiele modulus, solid liquidmass transfer correlations, minimizing mass transfereffects
DRYING & RTD IN REACTORS:
Drying; moisture content and its types, wet and drymoisture contents, drying curve, drying equipments,RTD curves-its interpretation, RTD for CSTR and PFRcalculations.