Introduction:
Definition and terms, history of photogrammetry, concepts, principles and types of photogrammetry, types of aerial photographs vertical photographs, tilted photographs, ortho photographs, aerial cameras, geometry and scale orientation and measurements, distortions, displacements and their corrections, rectification and ortho photographs, digital imaging devices and their characteristics and advantages over other analogue cameras, satellite stereo images.
Stereoscopy:
Principles of stereoscopic vision, types of stereoscopes, stereoscopic viewing, stereoscopic parallax.
Analytical Photogrammetry:
image measurements, control points, collinearity equations, coplanarity equations, Epipolar geometry analytical interior orientation, analytical relative orientation, analytical absolute orientation
Project Planning:
flight planning, pre-pointing and post pointing, photographic end lap and side lap, purpose of photography, photo scale, flying height, ground coverage, weather conditions, season of the year, flight map, specifications, cost estimation and scheduling, use of Drone/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) system in data capturing.
Ground Control for Aerial Photogrammetry:
selecting photo control points number and location of photo control, planning the Block control points (BCP), and control survey. Artificial targets for photo identifiable control points, indexing ground control points.
Orientation Procedures:
Purpose of fiducial marks, image coordinate system and object space coordinate system, IO, EO procedures in digital photogrammetry, advantage of digital IO over analogue and analytical system, advantage of digital EO over analogue system.
Aero triangulation:
GPS supported AT, geometric relationship between a camera and GPS antenna with respect to position, and attitude, synchronization of GPS coordinates with camera exposures, entering GPS coordinates, and INS parameters in bundle block adjustments for each exposure stations.
Concept of Block/Bundle/Strip Adjustments:
definition of block, types of block adjustments, planning of photo control, selecting photo control images, number and location of photo control, bundle block adjustment, accuracy of block adjustment, space resection, space intersection, reasons for digital AT superior over analogue AT.
Soft copy Photogrammetry:
Digital photogrammetric work station and its configuration, photogrammetric scanners, software inputs to DPWS, Various formats of data, contrast enhancement, multiscale representation, 3D visualization in digital environment, feature extraction by2D and 3D, data models, Advantages of digital photogrammetry, digital photogrammetric.
Introduction to DTM:
digital surface modeling by DTM/DHM and DSM/DEM, Interpolation techniques, GRID and TIN, break lines, profiles, mass points, / random points, factors influencing choice of sampling patterns, DTM generation process, preprocessing, main processing, post processing, differential rectification, mosaicing. Seamless data generation.
Photogrammetry and GIS:
input of data from photogrammetry for GIS database, photogrammetric applications in GIS.