1a. D.C.Circuits : Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s Laws, analysis of series,parallel and series- parallel circuits excited by independent voltage sources.Power and Energy. Illustrative examples.1b. Electromagnetism : Review of field around a conductor, coil, magneticflux and flux density, magnetomotive force and magnetic field intensity,reluctance and permeability, definition of magnetic circuit and basic analogybetween electric and magnetic circuits. 5 HoursElectromagnetic induction : Definition of Electromagnetic Induction,Faradays Laws, Fleming’s right hand rule, Lenz’s Law, Statically anddynamically induced emf. Concept of self-inductance, mutual inductance andcoefficient of coupling. Energy stored in magnetic field. Illustrativeexamples. Force on current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field,Fleming’s left hand rule.
Working principle of D.C.Machine as a generatorand a motor. Types and constructional features. Types of armaturewindings, Emf equation of generator, relation between induced emf and terminal voltage with an enumeration of brush contact drop and drop dueto armature reaction. Illustrative examples, neglecting armature reaction.Operation of D.C. motor, Back emf and its significance, torque equation.Types of D.C. motors, characteristics and applications. Necessity of a starterfor D.C. motor. Illustrative examples on back emf and torque.2b. Measuring Instruments : Construction and Principle of operation ofdynamometer type wattmeterand single phase induction type energy meter.
3a. Single-phase A.C. Circuits : Generation of sinusoidal voltage, frequencyof generated voltage, definition and numerical values of average value,root mean square value, form factor and peak factor of sinusoidallyvarying voltage and current, phasor representation of alternating quantities.Analysis, with phasor diagrams, of R, L, C, R-L, R-C and R-L-C circuitsand, parallel and series- parallel circuits. Real power, reactive power, apparentpower and power factor. Illustrative examples. 3b. Domestic Wiring : Service mains, meter board and distribution board.Brief discussion on concealed conduit wiring. Two-way and three-waycontrol. Elementary discussion on Circuit protective devices: fuse andMiniature Circuit Breaker (MCB’s). Electric shock, precautions against shock–Earthing, Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) and Residual current circuitbreaker (RCCB).
4a. Three Phase Circuits : Necessity and advantages of three phasesystems, generation of three phase power. Definition of Phase sequence,balanced supply and balanced load. Relationship between line and phasevalues of balanced star and delta connections. Power in balanced threephasecircuits, measurement of power by two-wattmeter method.Determination power factor using wattmeter readings. Illustrative examples.4b. Three PhaseSynchronous Generators : Principle of operation, Typesand constructional features, Advantages of rotating field type alternator,Synchronous speed, Frequency of generated voltage,Emf equation. Conceptof winding factor (excluding the derivation of distribution and pitch factors).Illustrative examples on emf equation.
5a. Single Phase Transformers : Necessity of transformer, Principle ofoperation and construction of single-phase transformers (core and shelltypes). Emf equation, losses, variation losses with respect to load,efficiency, Condition for maximum efficiency, Voltage regulation and itssignificance (Open Circuit and Short circuit tests, equivalent circuit andphasor diagrams are excluded). Illustrative problems on emf equation andefficiency only. 5b. Three Phase Induction Motors : Principle of operation, Concept andproduction of rotating magnetic field, Synchronous speed, rotor speed, Slip,Frequency of the rotor induced emf, Types and Constructional features.Slip and its significance. Applications of squirrel - cage and slip - ringmotors. Necessity of a starter, starting of motor using stars-delta starter.Illustrative examples on slip calculations.